Fossil fuels containing hydrocarbons have been the prime source of energy for the transportation sector for ages. However their rapidly increasing consumption and consequent depletion of reserves clearly show that the end of Fossil Fuel Age is not very far .Thus production of Biofuels from plant materials is the major step towards harnessing one of the world�s most prevalent yet least utilized renewable energy source. A Breakthrough process for converting biomass into Biodiesel fuel promises a cheaper way to go Green. Commercially the production of Biodiesel production may employ transesterification by chemical method. Manufacturers have been utilizing edible oil for the production of biodiesel .Due to the high cost of such oils the cost of the final product is increased. This can be overcome by using low cost non-edible oil for the process. But such oils have high FFA content which reduce he productivity of the process. The enzymatic approach may be utilized to overcome this problem. The enzymes may be immobilized or used as whole cell biocatalyst for economizing the process as the enzymes are costly. Microalgae have been recently identified for their extraordinary potential for cultivation as an energy crop in this era of rising energy crisis and depletion of fossil fuels. Research must thus be focused on the production systems, extraction of oil in large scale and genetic modification of algal strains for better and feasible production of biodiesel.
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